MALCOLM COOPER is a maritime, naval, and military historian specialising in the era of the two world wars. After completing his doctoral research in military history at Oxford University, Malcolm Cooper held a research fellowship at Downing College, Cambridge where he completed a study of British air policy during the First World War, before transferring his attention to maritime history, spending a year teaching at the Memorial University of Newfoundland. He has published a series of fleet histories of nineteenth- and twentieth-century shipping companies, including Nautilus Steam Shipping, the Glen Line and J & C Harrison.