This book is a revised paperback edition of The Crusades: A History of Armed Pilgrimage and Holy War . Accessible throughout, it mostly comprises a narrative history of each crusade in turn, enlived by descriptions of the actions of some of the most attractive personalities of the time. The term `Crusade', Hindley argues, was not known in the Middle Ages. Religious warfare, therefore, was not driven by one crusading impulse but attracted different people for different reasons. The crusades were an extension of pilgrimage for many, but an excuse for loot and adventure for others. Hindley discusses the origins of Christian warfare in the 7th century, the nature of the enemy and considers the role of the Church and feudalism in driving hoards of nobles and ordinary men and women across Europe. Includes a chronological table and appendices which list popes and the leaders of both Christians and Muslims.